The global economy, food security and energy supplies are at increasing risk due to vulnerabilities at key maritime routes, according to The Review of Maritime Transport 2024 from UN Trade and Development (UNCTAD). The latest report reveals that critical chokepoints - such as the Panama Canal (connecting the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans), the Red Sea and the Suez Canal (linking the Mediterranean Sea to the Indian Ocean via the Arabian Peninsula) and the Black Sea (an important hub for grain exports) - are under severe strain. "A combination of geopolitical tensions, climate impacts and conflicts have shaken global trade, threatening the functioning of maritime supply chains."
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